Chuck



J. A. OLSON CHUCK Filed May 20, 1918 2 Sheets-Sheet l ,Zi A

A Y l il May 15, 1923. A 1,455,351

J. A. oLsoN cnucx Filed May I2 0, 1918 2 sheets-sheet 2 wm ma mlllfhl \|r I. \m

[Q RM. am. QN

. A n m w Patented May 15, 1923.

UNITED STATES Y JOHN A. oLsoN, or CHrCAGd'ILnINoIs, vAssn'inoa'ro {mns-t"A Messer @PAT ENT?ortica-j 2" M ANUFACTUMG CoMPANmoF CLEVELAND, CHIC, A COBPCRATICNCF CHIC.

CHUCK.

A'ppiieanmiy mea May 2o,

'15 to provide ai. chuck in which the jaws `are firmly supported and backed by the body yand head;4 to provide a chuck which will be simple inconstruction and especially durableand efficient inv operation; and in general. to provide a chuck having such improved details of" construction and improved operating mechanism as' will appear more `fullyv from the following description.

In the accompanying drawings illustra-ting` this invention: Fig. 1 isv a front view of the chuck with a. portion of the .face plate broken away to show the interior constructiong-V i Fig. 2 y1s a longitudinal sectional Vview ;l

Fig. 4 is a detail of one of the jaws; Fig. 5 fis a sectional view vtaken on the `line 5-,5 of Fig. 2; and

v Figl 6 isa detaill showing the actionvof the operating ca-ms.

f In the particular {formjof chuckspShOwn inthese drawings, 6 represents the back plate or. head upon which the operatingl partsare mounted. ,Thisplate or headis preferably made circular with ribs or projections r formed integrally therewith for" supporting the .co-acting parts. While `these drawings illustrate a three. jaw chuck, of Course anyv desired number. of jawsmay be provided. T he ribs or projections 7 are provided with guideways 8 lfor the slidesl 9 which are ymounted to movev radially therein., It will be particularly noted that these ribsform rigid guidewa'ys which support the slides throughout their full length, andA also vthroughout theentire travel thereof, thereby making an exceedingly rigid `and substantial construction. v These slides are provided with one `or more teethl 10 which are-engaged Fig. 3 is a' sectional view taken onl the line f 191s. serial No. 235,629.

by the teeth ,orprojections llmof the gear segments or bell-crank 'levers' 12. ,These` levers fit closely between the pairs of ribs 7 and are pivotally mounted -on pins 13. The opposite ends ofthese levers are vprovided with oney or more teeth or projections n 14. whichv engage with thecams of progressively changing pitch 175, on a cylindrical segmental rack-or camv memberor. bushing l 16, `which is reciproca-bly mounted in a guldeway' v17 in the Center of the plate'.l

This guideway is formed by 'an opening connects` the inner ends of the ribs 7; This cylindrical projection further `tends vto strengthen 'the' back plate and add `tomthe through the plate .6 andthroughy aysubstan'- f tially cylindrical lug'jor projection 18 `which rigidity ofthe structure. The cam member V16 is reciprocated by meansof a"draw ,rod

or bolt 19 which is connected at one'end to j the headofthe rack or cam member 16 and at the other end to the piston-'ofthe operatingcylinder or" otherv device (not shown).

A dust' sleeve vor bushing v20 fits lwithinrthe cam member 16 and is provided .with a,

ofthe cylindrical projection :18, and serves to prevent dirt'or the like froininterfering. with the operating parts.' Y V Y The Chuck body 22 is made in the 'for'rnof a cover to' fit over thel platevzand parts :con-

j flange 21 which. engages with the outer A'endnected therewith, and is secured ftothe plate 'i by means of bolts or screws'23. The .entire chuckis secured yto the head ofa 'lathe,"or n to such other machine gto which it may-be applied,` by bolts? or screwsV 24' whichzproject` The jaws 25 are mounted in the ribs 7,^so that the inner.aces27v Vof these engage directly'with the slides 9,'th'e jwhole -orming an exceedingly ycompact and .slib-v :through the-head and `the body, as shown jaws travel onand are supported directly l., I bythe ribs. n It will alsobe-'noted that they Y stantial construction.'l Thejaws a'refadjustfl I i edwith respect to theslides 9`by means of adjusting' screws 28- `:The outerv `ends'of these Vscrews are shouldered to engage with bearings 29-in-the slides 9and they'areicut away adjacent to their inner ends vto formreduced portions :30 vwhich engage with bearing-rings 3l inserted inslots inthe slides 9.k The jawsiare threaded as indicated at 32 to with'the work piece. When thecam member or bushing 16 is again moved to the right, the jaws will be forcedoutwardly to release the work piece. A f *The action ofthe cams during the yclampiing movement 'ormsone of the particularly desirable features of this invention; It'will be noted that, as the eam.me m ber 16 moves to thek left, the `cams will cause fthe bell-r fcrank leversto move comparativelyrapidly during the? irstportion'ofl the,v stroke, and

then the relative vmovement is decreased, but

the resultantclamping forceis increased as the teeth or projections ride -up on the cams. The arrangement maybesuch, as' shown in F ig. 6, so that when the tooth or" projection arrives at thetop of the cam,the. bellcrank lever lwillberlocked in clampino' position so that the work will be held even iifthe airis released or'the' air pressure diminished.r Il

the `jaws are to be moved outwardly, they opposite or left hand cams will act ina corresponding manner I against'- the opposite *faces ofthe 'teeth' or'projectionsion the 'bell cranks.. l/Vhile I have shown the cams ras being formed "in a'-particular manner in order to 4co'act with'the operating levers, I consider the use of cams in this 'connection as being a novelfeature,` and desire to protect generally the use of fcamsin such Icombinations foroperating clamping jaws; 1

" Itvwill fbe `observed Vthat changes 'may 'be made in the-arrangement cliparts and details of construction without departing fromthe 'scope-of .this invention,-A and thereforel do notwish to be limited to the-.exact construction'hereinshown and described, except as specilied in the following claims,`in` V which Izclaim: j y

1. Ajchuck comprising a solid back plate having a 'central aperturedv projection, pairs of radially. arrangedl ribs'extending' koutwardly 'from said projection, a longitudinally slidable 'cam member mounted insaid aperture, bell-crank levers' pivotally mountedbetween the ribs vand having their inner ends engagingwith the cams on .said cam member, guidewaysformedin said ribs, and slidable c ainping membersmounted in said guideways *and` engaging with the opposite ends of said leversv and adapted tobe reciprocated thereby.. u 'f i2; A.chuck member'compr'isinga solid circular back plate having a plurality offradially arranged integrally formedv projections provided with guidewaysfor receiving the clamping members .In a chuck, the combination of a solid back platehavinga plurality of vintegrally ormediguide membersprojectingtherefrom, guidewaysin said members, work clamps slidably mounted in said guideways, 'and means for actuatingsaid clamps.

4. The combination of aback plate having aA plurality of radially arranged `guideways formed integrally therewith, slides .mounted inv said guideways, means ormoving said slides inwardly and outwardly, abody `titting over Vand enclosingisaidfguideways, ra dial guidewayslformed in saidbody in alinement with theiirst named vguideways, jaws mounted in the guidewaysl ofthe :body'an'fl also engaging .with-the firstnamed"guideL ways, and adjusting vscrews mounted in .said slides and co-actingy with said jaws.

5. In ya chuck, the lcombination olla back plate havinga .central cylindrical projection, and having' radially arranged` pai-rs' lot ribs extending outwardly from said projection, slidable cams mounted inxsaid projection, vlevers pivotally 'mounted'betweenj the ribs of the. respective pairs, a langed-body'tting Vover said `ribs andiplate,.guideways formed ini said ribs andbody, andadjustableclampf.

ing members'mounted Vin saidiguidewaysand ,engaging with the 'opposite endsV -ot said levers, whereby j when the rcams' arerrecipr'ocated,the clamping'vmemb'ers will be Amoved inwardly and outwardly.

6. In a chuck, the combination'- ofaplat'e having: an 'apertured projection, ahollow camv member fitting yinfsaid projection, .fa iangedduSt. bushing engaging withy said projection land iitting in said member, pairsl ofy radially." arrangedf ribsk extending o'utwardly from said projectiomCalanged cover fitting- 'over Ysaid `ribsI andv plate, guideways formed in said cover and ribs, slides mount-f ed in said guideways, levers Ipivotally mounted between'the ribs of Ithe'respective pairsand @Q -acting with saidcam and slides for-actuating the latter,`vv adjusting screws mounted J in saidzslides', andf clamping.l jaws mounted in said gudewaysljand, having threaded recesses for -engagementwithf said screws.

7 ."In'achuck, va back' plate/,a hollow. body m'ounted'jthereon', a.: dustv sleeveextendi'ng inwardly into an axial opening of the body, a segmental rack member longitudinally reciprocable on'thesleeve within the body, jaw slides. reciprocable in thefbody toward the dust sleeve mouth, a setf'of gear Vsegments pivoted on the rback plate lwithin-.the body, each having segmental teeth in meshwith vmating teethonfthe companion jaw Aslides and another. setl of teethfof different radius in mesh k,with 'the .comp anion racksegment, ahead securedatv the inner. end of' the rack member andmeans extending fromythe head lio through a central opening of the back plate for reciprocating the rack member.

8. In a chuck, a back plate and body` thereon having aligned openings, a dust sleeve lining the body opening and extending toward the back plate opening, a segmental rack member reciprocable on the' vsleeve within the body, Aa head secured to the inner end of the rack member and provided with a pull screw extending through the back opening, a set of jaw slides reciprocable in the body toward the sleeve and gear segments each journalled on the back plate within the body and provided with one set of teeth in mesh with mating teeth on the companion jaw slide and a second set of teeth of different pitch diameter engaging with a companion rack segment of the rack member.

9. A chuck comprising a hollow body; jaw slides in the body; levers, having integral projections at either end, enclosed within the body; each lever engaging an adjacent jaw slide at one end; `and means for actuating the said levers and jaw slides, said means comprising a cylindrical member reeiprocably within the said body, and having on its exterior surface a plurality of circumferentially spaced chordal projections, each chordal projection being adapted to j engage directly with two projections of an adjacent lever.

10. A chuck comprising a hollow body; jaw slides in the body; levers having integral projections at each end, enclosed with? changing pitch, and each projection being adapted to mesh with andengage two projections on an adjacent lever.

1l. A chuck comprising a hollow body;K4

jaw slides in the body; jaw actuating levers l enclosed within the body; projections on opposite ends of the levers; and a cylindrif cal member mounted for reciprocal lmovel ment in the said hollow body, the said meme lber 'having circumferentially spaced projections on the exterior thereof, each prof jection meshing with two projections on an adjacent lever, and eachk projection `on they cylindrical member having a cam surface of Y progressively decreasing pitch from its basev toward the outer extremity thereof, and terminating in a flattened surface, whereby the rate of movement of the jaw slides toward their work holding position progressively decreases and finally ceasesduring a sub stantially uniform rate of ymovement of the cylindricalmember in one direction.

12. A chuck comprising a hollow body; jaw slides in the body; jaw actuatinglevers enclosed within the body; integral projec-` 'i tions on opposite ends of the levers; and a f cylindrical member mounted for reciprocal` movementv in said hollow body, `the saidy l member having circumferentially spaced projections on the lexterior thereof, each meshing with two projections of an adjacent lever, and each projection having a cam surface terminating at its outer extremity in a flattened surface; the levers, jaw'slidesv and cylindrical member beingso positioned'l with respect to one another thatwhen' the jaw vslides are at substantially the clamp.

ing end of their stroke, one projection of the levers will directly and frictionallyengage with the said projections. v

- JOHN. A. oLsoN.

flattened surfaces of the 

